Harmonium: Acidic Soil Essay

The poem harmonium examines the relationship of a father and son. I think Armitage has written this poem for parents and children as they would be able to relate to the emotions in the poem. The Author uses the Farrand Chappelette which is a type of Harmonium or small organ to help him reflect the love that he has for his father. In the first stanza the poet talks about the Farrand Chappelette which was â€Å"gathering dust† telling us that it is getting old and it was due to be taken to the skip if Armitage had not wanted it. In the final line of the first stanza Armitage declare that he could have it for a â€Å"song â€Å" an idiom which means that he could have had it very cheap. In the second stanza the poet talks about the sunlight through the glass which could â€Å"beatify saints† in other words bless them and make them more god like and above normal people. Armitage the contrasts this positive statement by saying it had â€Å"aged† the harmoniums case and â€Å"yellowed the fingernails of its keys†. I the last few lines Armitage tells us how the harmonium is played by telling us the organist plays it by continuously pedalling the pedals. In the 3rd stanza the poet talks about the age of the organ and how he and his father had sung there and were good singers. The 4th stanza is the most powerful one as he talks about his father coming to help pick up the harmonium and his father jokes saying that one day he will â€Å"shoulder† his father’s â€Å"dead weight meaning his coffin when he dies. Armitage finds it hard to reply to such a poignant remark because of the emotion of he feels at the thought of his father’s death. I think the poem has a mixture of moods from the first verse to the last and moods that are very contrasting such as the first 2 stanzas are quite happy emotions about how the sun gleams through the glass and the last verse is about the emotions of his father dying. The poet uses many techniques in the poem such as metaphors for example â€Å"fingernails† describing how the sun has ruined the keys of the organ. Also the poet uses personification saying that one of the notes has â€Å"lost its tongue. In the 3rd stanza Armitage uses alliteration twice in the same line, the â€Å"hummed harmonics still struck a chord†. I think this the poet is trying to tell us that the harmonium is close to his heart even though it is old and aged and i think that â€Å"struck a chord† has a double meaning that it also triggered a memory of him singing in church which the verse then goes onto say. I think the message of the poem is that one day your parents will die and the thought of that is not very comforting but remembering the good and bad times can help you get through this. The poem for me is written from the heart and is emotionally very overpowering and the last verse is so powerful that it makes me understand that someone close to me will die one day and I will be too shocked and late to prevent it. When the unfortnate event of acidic soil strike some farms, plants are unable to grow. Using slakes of lime which is a base cancels out the acid in the soil. You need to check the righ amount of acidity in the soil in order to put the same amount of base so that you do not over do it and keep it neutral. This process is called NEUTRALISATION. After the lime is inserted the acidity will fade away and the plants will grow. Farmers add lime, calcium oxide, to soil to help neutralise the soil as most plants grow best in neutral or slightly alkali soil. The lime can cancel out the acidity caused by acid rain. In agriculture, calcium carbonate may be added to acidic soil. The calcium carbonate enters into a neutralization reaction with some of the acid in the soil water, and the soil pH becomes more basic. In farming nitrogen oxide reacts with OH from the rain to form nitric acid which then acidifies the soil making it hard for the plants to grow. The acid stops the growth of the roots therefore the plant cannot absorb enough nutrients which makes the plant grow very slowly and sometimes turn a yellow colour due to the large amounts of acid. N02 + OH = HNO3 This is a huge problem for farmers so they spray calcium carbonate onto the acidic soil to neutralize the soil so that the pants can grow better and faster which is needed for farmers to make a better profit it and the reaction produces produces the calcium nitrate. CaCO3 + HNO3 = Ca(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2 The plants can then use these nitrate ions in the soil and combine them with glucose to make amino acids which the plant the uses for proteins which help it grow and turns the acidic soil into more nutrients for the plant which it needs to grow.

Beauty is not caused. It is. (Emily Dickinson)

Numerous documents and articles criticize and downplay physical beauty. Credible, educated sources encouraging physical beauty are few and far between. Society fetishly discredits standards and beliefs Marilyn Monroe established. Media reporters emphasize Marilyn wore a size 16. By today’s standards, a size 16 is obese. These reports fail to inform audiences a size 16 at that time is comparable to a size 3 today. Health warnings accompany hair bleaching, tanning, and weight control. Political influences attempt to change opinions regarding physical beauty.Political correctness regarding physical beauty standards controls words used by the media. Words used by the media have no impact on reality. Looks do matter. Physical attractiveness and weight management opens realities regarding career, relationships, luck, court decisions, and better health care. Physical appearances determine first impressions. Vision senses override audible senses. Political influences imply obesity is socially acceptable. An overweight person gives the impression of increased risk for injuries and insurance claims in the workplace.Before job applicants say the first words, an unchangeable opinion formed in the interviewers mind. Political correctness portrayed by media reporters or women’s groups does not change perceptions of an obese person. Blonds attract more attention, therefore more customers. People seeking potential dates or marriage partners gives priority to their identity, not research. Individuals are perceived by the appearance of his or her mate. Personal priorities determine individual opinions of physical beauty. Contradiction describing physical beauty is everywhere.Career objectives, goals of attracting certain marriage partners, and other life decisions determine which research and statistics regarding physical attractiveness accepted. External physical appearances visually display personal lifestyle choices. People who prioritize excellent or improved h ealth disregard research stating extra body weight is healthier than being thin. Proportionate weight results from selecting healthy food choices and participation in effective cardio exercise. People walking around with 12% body fat and visible muscles live a significantly different lifestyle than someone weighing 115 pounds.Athletic people avoid restaurants, eat clean foods, and organize his or her life around exercise and proper nutrition. Someone concerned with weight management and general health keeps his or her calories low and exercise moderately. Athletic lifestyles are too intense for ordinary individuals with average goals. Friends are selected or rejected based on their visible lifestyles. A person’s weight is an advertisement of daily living habits. Society views weight as a measure of physical appearance. Body image acceptance is often translated as a measure of self esteem, happiness and self-worth.People wishing to change his or her weight desire to change the ir priorities. Anorexia nervosa inevitably shows up every time physical appearance is mentioned. Anorexia nervosa is a mental illness. Physical appearance plays very little part in anorexia. People obsessively refusing to eat are acting out a fear relevant to obesity from his or her past. Perhaps someone remembered from childhood developed a drug problem. Weight gain triggered the drug problem. Depriving the physical body of food has nothing in common with dieting down to 95 or 100 pounds.The media and psychologists attempt to associate the two behaviors. They have nothing in common. Media, psychologists, and investigative reporters imply eating disorders is a desire to become thin. Society pushes theories implying thinness is unattractive. Physicians and dieticians emphasize weight is determined by genes and hereditary. These findings are to discourage eating disorders. Verbally, this logic may be accepted. In actual behavior, the idea is rejected. A self confident person remains u nchanged by outside influences.Self confidence encourages behavior resulting in pleasant physical appearance. No one obtains above average looks by accident. Extremely attractive people stir up negative emotions from others. â€Å"Beauty draws as much hostility as it does desire. Other women hate you. If you are not available or interested, men hate you too. Beauty makes other people who are insecure about their own looks resentful, which erects a barrier that can be difficult to bridge† (Shriver, 2006). Beautiful women constantly receive make-up tips, suggestions to change their hair or fashion advice.Secure people ignore such suggestions. Self esteem is hardly affected by advice, insults and any media program. Fitness industries would close. Society’s opinions are ever changing regarding perception of physical beauty. Changeable opinions are verbal. Reactions physically attractive people receive remain focused. Reactions to physical attractiveness are never planned. Gentlemen offering their seat to an attractive lady, smiles, heads turning, stares, insults, envy, and unplanned facial expressions are true constant perceptions of physical beauty.Marilyn Monroe symbolizes beauty. Extremist groups continuously seek ways to alter the perception of Marilyn Monroe’s physical characteristics. Research attempts to alter behavior emphasizing health risks. Health scares do not change actual behavior. The reality to change what is accepted as physical beauty never changes. Notes; Lionel, Shriver, (8/16/2006) The Curse of Beauty, Daily Manuel. http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=nfh&AN=21963650&site=ehost-live

Precis Writing Essay

The English Composition paper of CE-2012 has really dented the confidence of the aspirants to a huge extent. Most of the aspirants who scored quite heavily in other papers were merely able to score less than 20 and even 10 in the English Precis And Composition paper.I was fortunate as well as tactical enough to accumulate 64 marks in the paper this paper. As per promised, I’m going to share my strategy for approaching each and every question one by one.Precis writing has been the most difficult and decisive question regarding the E.P.C. paper. This very question sets the tone for the rest of the paper and serves as a very good means for portraying what metal an aspirant is made up of.I have been lucky enough to have been taught by a school-teacher, Sir Kashif Rehman. Although he is a school teacher yet very tactical in his approach. I adopted his strategy while approaching the E.P.C. paper. Hence, I am going to share the way he taught me how to attempt the precis. I am going to give a comprehensive method of approaching this very question step-by-step. STEP 1: READING THE PARAGRAPH ( 10 – 15 MINUTES ) Read very carefully, not once but twice. After first reading, try to establish as much understanding of the text as possible. Highlight or underline the main ideas, arguments, or themes presented by the author. Second reading will help you understand the paragraphing of the given text and work out how much value or proportion has been given to each of the main arguments, themes or ideas. STEP 2: POINTS FOR THE PRECIS Write down the main arguments, themes, or ideas in the form of points in complete sentences using your own words. The sequence of ideas or points should be the same as was given in the original passage Try not to include any excessive detail, explanation, description or verbosity. Examples had better be avoided if they are not critical to the composition of the passage Don’t be worried about the number of words at this stage Write openly Try not to exclude any vital argument, theme, or idea STEP 3: ROUGH DRAFT Write points in the form of continuous paragraph taking good care of coherence, fluency by using devices such as sentence-connectors or adverb-connectors. Count the words in the given passage And then count the words of the rough draft Rough draft should be one-third of the given passage It may be maximum 10 words more tha the required number If your rough draft exceeds rquired words-count, edit it by using devices such as one-word substitution, by sharing subject or verb, by using clauses and phrases Bring your rough draft to the required limit STEP 4: NEAT DRAFT Now write down the neat draft f the rough draft Replacements and coherence should be taken good care of HOW TO CONCLUDE†¦. 1. Words in the given passage = 600 2. Required words = 200 3. Words in the precis = 206 P.S. All this work MUST be done on the neat portion of the answer-sheet so that the examiner realizes that you have followed the proper pattern

Nurses Knowledge and Competency Research Proposal

Nurses Knowledge and Competency - Research Proposal Example surgical practice because any breach in the surface lining of the body, be it skin or mucous membrane exposes the underlying tissues to the danger of infection. Therefore, it is necessary to assist the inherent healing process of the human body to restore an intact surface as soon as possible. Many other factors may affect this process of normal healing, and two factors prominent among them are infection and infection-assiciated inflammation that may hinder the normal healing process, thereby causing further complications in the process of healing. Therefore, prompt and accurate recognition of these factors are important for ensuring a recovery from the injury. This calls for an assessment of the wound at the time of clinical presentation (Clark, R.A.F., 1996). Such patients are pretty commonly encountered in acute hospital setting, specially in a rural area hospital where resources may be limited. This, in turn, calls for knowledge of the practicing nurse about wound assessment. At least, the nurse in charge needs to be adequately knowledgable to decide which wound could be managed in the rural acute care and which needs referral to generate a satisfactory outcome for the patient. While attending such patients, the knowledge of the nurse regarding various wounds becomes a critical denominator in the outcome of care. There have been many studies and researches on this area, and consequently, there have been volumes of literature on this topic, but unfortunately, there is paucity of quantitative studies or researches on the nurses' knowledge of wound assessment. This researcher proposes a quantitaive study of the nurses' knowledge about wound assessment in a rural acute care hospital setting (Leaper, D.J. and Harding, K.G. 1998). The managements of acute and chronic...Therefore, prompt and accurate recognition of these factors are important for ensuring a recovery from the injury. This calls for an assessment of the wound at the time of clinical presentation (Clark, R.A.F., 1996). Such patients are pretty commonly encountered in acute hospital setting, specially in a rural area hospital where resources may be limited. This, in turn, calls for knowledge of the practicing nurse about wound assessment. At least, the nurse in charge needs to be adequately knowledgable to decide which wound could be managed in the rural acute care and which needs referral to generate a satisfactory outcome for the patient. While attending such patients, the knowledge of the nurse regarding various wounds becomes a critical denominator in the outcome of care. There have been many studies and researches on this area, and consequently, there have been volumes of literature on this topic, but unfortunately, there is paucity of quantit ative studies or researches on the nurses' knowledge of wound assessment. This researcher proposes a quantitaive study of the nurses' knowledge about wound assessment in a rural acute care hospital setting (Leaper, D.J. and Harding, K.G. 1998). The managements of acute and chronic wounds have undergone a sea change in the last two decades for an improved

The United States of America's strategic policies towards the Caspian Dissertation

The United States of America's strategic policies towards the Caspian Sea and The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Pipeline - Dissertation Example Azerbaijani oil resources and the war in Chechnya - a groundbreaking event that demonstrated Russia’s military capabilities to US officials - were the two factors, which prompted Washington to initiate assertive policies from the second half of 1996 onward. The United States has announced that it considers the Caucasus and the Caspian a region vital to US interests (William Ascher, 2000). This study will focus mainly on two questions. Firstly, are U.S. policies in the region serving to divide instead of acting as an integrating or unifying force? Secondly, do U.S. policies in the region prioritize economic-energy security or political-military security? When one tries to respond to the first question, the second question automatically comes to the fore because the changing economic and political security understanding of Washington after 11 September made it evident that the United States today, unlike in the 1970s, is not concerned about its hegemonic decline anymore; on the contrary, it is affecting the global order. Most importantly, it no longer feels threatened by its dependence on imported oil (Mustafa Ayd?n, 2004). Then, under these circumstances, one can argue that it is to the advantage of the United States to focus primarily on economic security which, for liberals, means creating factor mobility among national economies or a joint gains view of economic relations in Buzan’s terms (Mustafa Ayd?n, 2004). In order to respond to the above-mentioned questions this article aims mainly to focus on changing U.S. energy policies in the region after the 11 September disaster in terms of its relations with the Russian Federation and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The positive attitude of the United States toward the construction of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline will be taken as a case study to assess whether Washington’s policies are serving to divide or acting to unify the countries in the region. In addition, Turkey’s incre asing geo-political importance in terms of the construction of the Baku-Ceyhan pipeline is also a concern of this study (Michael P. Croissant, 1999). American Oil Diplomacy in Terms of Increasing U.S. Interest in the Caspian Basin The United States, who had become accustomed to expanding energy consumption with minimal concerns about the constancy of supply or sharp price escalation by 1972,3 never articulated or implemented a long-term and comprehensive energy strategy. Major energy initiatives were taken largely to address specific crises and they did not last. In other words, the Americans have done no way to deal with their ever-growing thirst for energy. The critics of the U.S. government claim that Washington has made energy goals secondary to other foreign policy objectives, particularly during the 1990s (Bahman, 2003). American sanctions policy, for example, has slowed the development of plentiful resources in Iran (and Libya), while Iraqi production has been held back by th e United Nations. The sanction policy, thus, meant less diversification of sources. The answer to the question ‘Why then does the Bush administration still continue the sanction policy on Iran?’ is that the Bush administration views diversification of sources as a means of assuring the United States of political-military security rather than energy security, while it

The Strategic Verticals of Davivienda Assignment

The Strategic Verticals of Davivienda - Assignment Example The assignment "The Strategic Verticals of Davivienda" analyzes the existing issues regarding internal communication inefficiencies, lagging project duration for O&M department of Davivienda Bank by measuring each of mentioned problems and their impact on the operational efficiency of O&M department. External and internal environment scan in context to O&M department has been done by the researcher in order elaborate scope of the paper. The recommends strategies like implementation of virtual communication portal, enhancement in e-mail communication efficiency, establishment of department consisting of process specialist that would work with O&M department in integrated manner, providing communication training to O&M personnel, implementing ERP system within O&M department, conducting monthly cross-departmental meeting to top level management and CEO of Davivienda to improve overall competitiveness of O&M department. The recommendations should not only improve internal communication between O&M department but also work as strategic initiatives for Davivienda. Financial organizations like banks start their strategic planning from understanding the scope of the service offerings. Davivienda is a bank and it also focuses heavily on the service and product offerings. There is very little scopes exist for banks to standardize its product portfolio and service offerings rather banks need to adapt to changes in customer requirements and design product portfolio that can be relevant in changing business environment.... As the report is addressing to key people of the organization hence there is no point in putting company information in the report because it is expected that the key members of the organization such as CEO is completely aware of these information. In short, O&M department of the organization handles issues like coordinating with marketing department to perform operational initiatives, updating administrative reports regarding organizational hierarchy, preparing system manuals, preparing process reports for the entire administrative blocks in the bank. The O&M department works in close loop manner with operational verticals like Human Resources division, Audit section, Information Technology division and General Administration. Now, what is the objective of this paper? Well, to be precise, the report will suggest a strategic plan for O&M department and study will also review the strategic plans that have been discussed in the previous works and suggestion regarding implementation of contingency plans to mitigate the identified risks will also be important part of this paper. Backgrounds and Accomplishments Bouquet, Hebert & Delios (2004) pointed out that financial organization like banks start their strategic planning from understanding the scope of the service offerings. In similar context, Davivienda is a bank and it also focuses heavily on the service and product offerings while making strategic choices. According to Bouquet, Hebert & Delios (2004), there is very little scopes exist for banks to standardize its product portfolio and service offerings rather banks need to adapt to changes in customer requirements and design product portfolio that can be relevant in changing business environment. Roth and Menor

Finance Calculation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Finance Calculation - Research Paper Example This is the factor for the argument and criticism of the Millionaires Factory by the Australian Shareholder's Association. If the market required rate of return is higher than the coupon rate of a bond, the price of the bond goes down. Because there are available bonds in the market, which give more interest than it does. Therefore, investors do not feel interest to invest on the bond, which offers lower interest rate than market's other bond. If the market required rate of return is lower than the coupon rate of a bond, the price of the bond goes up. Because there are available bonds in the market, which give lower interest than it does. So, investors feel interest to invest on the bond, which offers higher interest rate than market's other bond. .. Price of bond at 4% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .04) ^5} .04] + 1000 / (1+.04) ^ 5 = $1177.62 Price of bond at 6% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .06) ^5} .06] + 1000 / (1+.06) ^ 5 = $1084.20 Price of bond at 8% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .08) ^5} .08] + 1000 / (1+.08) ^ 5 = $999.99 Price of bond at 10% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .10) ^5} .10] + 1000 / (1+.10) ^ 5 = $684.66 Price of bond at 12% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .12) ^5} .12] + 1000 / (1+.12) ^ 5 = $598.42 Price of bond at 14% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .14) ^5} .14] + 1000 / (1+.14) ^ 5 = $553.20 Price of bond at 16% market interest = [80{1-1/ (1+ .16) ^5} .16] + 1000 / (1+.16) ^ 5 = $479.47 In while, 1 = 16% 2 = 14% 3 = 12% 4 = 10 % 5 = 08% 6 = 06% 7 = 04% 8 = 02%. Relationship between bond value and market required rates of return If the market required rate of return is higher than the coupon rate of a bond, the price of the bond goes down. Because there are available bonds in the market, which give more interest than it does. Therefore, investors do not feel interest to invest on the bond, which offers lower interest rate than market's other bond. If the market required rate of return is lower than the coupon rate of a bond, the price of the bond goes up. Because there are available bonds in the market, which give lower interest than it does. So, investors feel interest to invest on the bond, which offers higher interest rate than market's other bond. Answer to the question no.6 Part 1 We know, P = (D + p) / 1 + k In while, P = Opening share value D = Dividend p = Closing share value k = .12 g ( growth) = (3.5- 3.24) / 3.24 = 8.02% So, D = 3.5 + 3.5 8.02% = 3.78 So now,

Market research about electric wheelchair prices Coursework

Market research about electric wheelchair prices - Coursework Example Pride Mobility LX Electric Wheelchair is  £1,199.00. It has comfy reclining seat, high level padding, height adjustments and moulded armrests. The Pride Mobility LX Electric Wheelchair ride is comfortable and stable, tyres are solid and there are available anti tip wheels at the rear preventing accidents on steep inclines or kerb stones with height adjustable headrest that are also removable (Mobility Zone, 2013: n.p). The combined solid, tyres and removable rear anti-tip wheels are necessary in ensuring stable outdoor performance with a compact frame for smooth indoor manoeuvring. The Pride Mobility LX Electric Wheelchair is the best of the electric wheelchairs because of its fair price and the qualities that it shares with other electric wheelchairs (Salentine, 2012: 5-12). It is comfy, has good speed and moves at a higher speed of 4ph at top speed. Pride Mobility LX Electric Wheelchair is offers an ultimate economical and innovative foldable power with significant features for b oth stable outdoor performance and smooth indoor manoeuvring. The Sunrise Medical Rumba Electric Wheelchair costs  £1,940.00. The Sunrise Medical Rumba Electric Wheelchair seats are comfortable and are integrated with high level of padding thus ensures real comfort for users and moulded armrests that flip up to make getting on and off easy. Armrests can be adjusted in various ways in terms of height, width and an angle to ensure support as well as a flip-up footplate with similar level of adjustments. The ride is very comfortable because of the articulating front beam that absorb changes in terrain, uneven surfaces and the tyres are solid to provide peace of mind and avoid inconvenience of punctures (Mobility Zone, 2013: n.p). The Sunrise Medical Rumba Electric Wheelchair has a robust design that may take travels for up to 15 miles on a fully charged battery with a speed of 4ph at top speed and the maximum user weight is 19.5 stones or

Arsenal Football Club Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Arsenal Football Club - Coursework Example Historical Record of Arsenal Football Club The financial performance of Arsenal Football Club was quite strong in the year 2010 and the club has also experienced significant drop of debt. From the historical viewpoint, the earnings of Arsenal Football Club have fluctuated. In the year 2001, the club had a profit of almost 24.3 million Pounds but in the subsequent year the club experienced loss of 20.5 million Pounds. The reason of loss in that financial year was rise in wages due to growth in the number of players (London Business School, 2009). Since initiation the club’s group turnover has progressed gradually. In the year 2005, the group turnover of Arsenal Football club was almost 138.4 million Pounds which had become more than double by 2010 to almost 379.9 million Pounds. The club also experienced growth of operating profit in that period. The low sales in the property development business were the main reason for decreasing operating profit in 2006. Arsenal Football Club operates in two prominent segments which are football and property development. Since the operating loss in the year 2006, the football segment has shown increased growth. In the year 2007, the turnover of football segment was almost 207.7 million Euros which had become 229.9 million Euros in 2009. The increase was generally motivated by new television series. In the year 2010, almost nineteen â€Å"Barclays Premier League†, 4 â€Å"UEFA Champion League†, 3 â€Å"FA Cup† and 2 â€Å"Carling Cup† matches were telecasted. The revenue of football segment mostly comes from the sales of tickets. The Emirates Stadium of Arsenal Football Club also hosted two international friendly matches (Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2007; Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2010). ... Arsenal Football Club operates in two prominent segments which are football and property development. Since the operating loss in the year 2006, the football segment has shown increased growth. In the year 2007, the turnover of football segment was almost 207.7 million Euros which had become 229.9 million Euros in 2009. The increase was generally motivated by new television series. In the year 2010, almost nineteen â€Å"Barclays Premier League†, 4 â€Å"UEFA Champion League†, 3 â€Å"FA Cup† and 2 â€Å"Carling Cup† matches were telecasted. The revenue of football segment mostly comes from the sales of tickets. The Emirates Stadium of Arsenal Football Club also hosted two international friendly matches (Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2007; Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2010). Source: (Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2005; Arsenal Holdings PLC, 2010) Property development is the other section from which Arsenal Football Club generates profits. In the year 2005, the company experience d low activity in property development business. The total turnover during the year was 23.3 million Pounds which was 44% lesser compared to 2004. In 2006, the turnover of property development business had increased to 23.8 million Pounds which was 4.6 times more compared to previous year. The reason for this increase in turnover was due to sale of ‘Drayton Park’, one of the expansion sites of Arsenal Football Club. In the year 2008, the returns of property development business had again reduced to 15.3 million Pounds, because the sales activity was restricted by the yielding leasehold interests and constricting operations within the communal housing component. In 2009–2010, Arsenal Football Club had seen extreme

Fashion 1980 - Grunge Fashion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fashion 1980 - Grunge Fashion - Essay Example The essay "Fashion 1980 - Grunge Fashion" concerns the grunge in fashion. While the 1990s Grunge clothing has retained some elements from the previous decade, the influence of the â€Å"sophisticated, uptown aesthetics† becomes prominently pronounced, especially in designs of eminent designers such as Dries Van Noten. On the other hand, designers like Philip Lim have focused on blending the â€Å"nostalgic and modern† and combining the aesthetics of floral patterns with silk material and graphic T-shirts with printed skirts. Outfits like these epitomize the modern women’s zeal towards a carefree life that softens the recalcitrant zest of the females of the previous decade. Grunge fashion thus challenges the conventions and allows women to make their statement against the traditional male dominance. Style icons like Kate Moss have brought evolutionary changes in Grunge style by transforming it into a â€Å"modern wearable style†. Thus, what once has been co nsidered as outrageous has become a norm in fashion, allowing women the freedom to express themselves through their dresses and apparels. Grunge, the â€Å"uniform of alternative rockers† and the young adults of the previous two decades returns with all its popular appeal in the 2010s and celebrated designers begin to â€Å"serve up grunge on the catwalk†. Many women, who cherish the nostalgia of this cult, view it as a â€Å"natural order of things† that the passion of their young age has come back with a firm statement to take their teenage daughters by storm.

S6W8Paper2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

S6W8Paper2 - Research Paper Example The latter part of the 20th century and commencement of the 21st century has radically altered the nature of international order. It is now evident that this change cannot be contained in a dynamic world characterized by globalization, and rapid growth in information and technology. United States of America must therefore brace itself to a multilateral world where, while boosting of the military, economic and cultural prowess, it may face challenges from adversaries and even allies2. This paper gives a detailed account of the current international order and trends in the global affairs that have either a direct or indirect impact on United States. It further shows the manner in which US can chart its way to a peaceful and stable future by being at the forefront of world economy, protecting crucial global strategic interests, and maximizing on the use of military power and strength. In addition, the paper provides an analysis of the emerging threats from terrorist and the proliferatio n of nuclear weapons. ... Most of these actors are responsible for direct acts of terrorism and supporting terrorist groups either financially or through offering them a safe haven. Cases in point are North Korea and Iran. The two nations have totally objected collaborating with international treaties on aspects such as reduction of nuclear weapon capabilities. The eventuality has been constant threats on resources that are meant for the common good such as oil and sea lanes. The policy of United States then is to insist on measures that would compel such non-players to comply with the treaties agreed upon by the international institutions. Among the many strategies employed include application of stringent sanctions on such nations aimed at crippling their economic and coordination power3. Nonetheless, the sanction would be only be enforced on states that blatantly object the efforts of international institutions of preserving global peace and order. For instance, North Korea is clearly moving against the gl obal peace initiative. It has consistently tested its medium range missiles despite warnings from the international community. Furthermore, it has gone on the offensive, through its dictatorial leader, to warn U.S., South Korea and Japan of a possible war if they do not stay away from spying on them. The threats from North Korea warrant for all possible forms of sanctions. On the other hand, United States would capitalize on the strong reform organizations as well as citizens to drive change in nations such as Iran. Through supporting these movements, U.S. can effectively drive both social and political change in such countries. The same case can be applied in China. Essentially, the idea of nations investing on weapons of mass destruction would be discouraged at all costs4. The strategy

Introduction to Prokaryotes Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Prokaryotes Essay Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms that can survive in extreme environments. Bacteria is the more numerous type of prokaryotes. The group hypothesizes that the samples taken from different environments will all cultivate diverse morphology in fast growing rates in each environment. The aseptic technique was used to cultivate bacteria from different environments. The diversity of morphology and the growing rate of the bacteria was different in each environment. Introduction Prokaryotes are the oldest known life-forms, having existed for the last 3. 5 billion years. Microscopic in size, they are single-celled organisms. Prokaryotic species can survive in extreme habitats that the other life-forms are not capable of inhabiting. Prokaryotes have different shapes, the three most common shapes are spherical (cocci), rod shaped (bacilli), and spiral (spirilla). The prokaryotic cellular structures are unique to their classification. Prokaryotes have an external cell wall and a plasma membrane. The cell wall keeps the shape of the cell, protects the cell, and averts the cells from bursting in a hyposmotic environment. Prokaryotic cells contain a unique material called peptidoglycan (Sadava et al. , 2011). See more: how to write an introduction Also metabolic diversity is among the criteria used in classifying prokaryotes. The term nutrition refers to the means an organism uses to obtain two energy sources: energy and a carbon source. Carbon sources may be either organic, meaning from a living organism, or inorganic, such as carbon dioxide. Prokaryotes split into two lineages known as Archae and Bacteria. The Bacteria are more numerous than the Archae. Bacteria can be endospore-forming bacteria. Bacteria that form endospores are able to survive harsh and severe conditions. Bacteria can also be Enteric Bacteria, they inhabit the intestinal tracts of animals. One species is Escheria coli. Wild-type Escheria strains are able to grow on a variety of carbon and energy sources, such as sugars and amino acids. Some strains of Escheria are pathogenic. The detection of Escheria coli in water is a sign of contamination. Another group of pathogenic enteric bacteria are members of the genus Salmonella. These members are responsible for food poisoning and typhoid. Prokaryotes play very important roles in our environment. They are involved in the cycling of nutrients and elements in a variety of ways. Many prokaryotes are decomposers that metabolize organic compounds in dead organisms. These decompositions processes result in the return of vast quantities of carbon dioxide, inorganic nitrogen, and sulfur to our ecosystems. Other species are important as symbiotic partners with other organisms (Walsh et. al. , 2010). The diversity of the prokaryotic world is huge, and to have a better sense of knowledge of bacteria diversity in different environments an experiment to observe bacteria growth diversity in colder temperature is conducted. The group hypothesizes that the samples taken from different environments will all cultivate diverse morphology in fast growing rates in each environment. The independent variable in the experiment is the temperature control and the dependent variable is the number of colonies. Materials and Methods Seven different environments were chosen to create bacteria from and cultivated on a nutrient-rich media in eight Petri dishes. The bacteria are cultivated on TSA medium, an all-purpose medium used for cultivating all types of bacteria. Sterile water and sterile swabs are used to sample the bacteria from the environment. To make sure that the bacteria was loosened from the environment and stuck on to the swab, the swab was dipped in the sterile water immediately before taking the sample. Carefully opened the Petri dish and swiped the swab across the plate in a â€Å"Z† pattern. Closed the Petri dish and marked it with its corresponding environment. This was repeated seven times each with a different environment. The first environment was the frame of the classroom chalkboard. The second environment was the chair seat of the classroom. The third environment was the bottom of the shoe of one of our group members. The fourth environment was the floor mat inside the doorway of the Biology building. The fifth nvironment was the stair railing handle from the stairwell of the Biology building. The sixth environment was the spacebar on the keyboard of the laboratory computer. The seventh environment was the mouthpiece of the water fountain in the Biology building. To enable us to check whether or not our aseptic technique was effective the eight Petri dish was our control plate that was struck with the sterile water only. These streaks with sterile water represent control treatments. The bacteria was incubated at 37 °C for 2-3 days and then put into the refrigerator for storage. Results Two of the Petri dishes had small bacteria diversity and also a slow growth rate- the chair seat of laboratory environment sample and the water fountain mouthpiece sample (Table 1). Three of the Petri dishes had medium bacteria diversity and regular growth- the frame of the chalkboard, the stair railing handle from the stairwell, and the spacebar of the keyboard (Table 1). The other two Petri dishes had medium bacteria diversity and fast growth rate- the bottom of the shoe and the floor mat inside the doorway of the Biology building (Table 1). The Petri dish with the sterile water streaks had no bacteria growth or diversity indicating our aseptic technique was effective. Discussion The results that were obtained in the experiment did not support the hypothesis that there would be large diversity and fast growing rates in each environment. Every environment sample had its own growth rate and bacteria diversity. The primary reason may be that conditions are rarely optimum. Scientists who study bacteria try to create the optimum environment in the lab: culture medium with the necessary energy source, nutrients, pH, and temperature, in which bacteria grow predictably. Most of the strains used in the classroom either require oxygen for growth or grow better with oxygen. These bacteria will grow better on agar plates, where air readily diffuses into the bacterial colony, or in liquid cultures that are shaken. Since diffusion of oxygen into liquid depends on the surface area, it is important to have a large surface; volume ratio. This means that cultures will grow best in flasks in which the volume of liquid is small relative to the size of the vessel. Also another factor that affects growth is the nutritional medium. Bacteria grow best when optimal amounts of nutrients are provided.

Transactional And Transformational Leadership

Transactional And Transformational Leadership Max Weber was the pioneer in developing theory of transactional and transformational leadership, but the theory was further explored by James MacGregor Burns (1978) to Bernard Bass (1985). According to Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), this theory is to explain how personality differences in leaders lead to either transactional or transformational leadership styles (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). According to Burns (1978) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), transactional leadership occurs when one takes the initiatives in making contacts with others for exchanging something valued. Whereas transformational leadership occurs when one focuses the needs, the beliefs, and the values of followers. According to Yukl (1981) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987), transactional leadership involves exchange of information between superior and subordinates and influences each other reciprocally so that each derives something valued. In other words, it is a win-win situation for both superior and subordinates in getting something they valued. Kellerrmen (1984) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) claimed that both the transactional leaders and followers engage in mutual dependence in which the contributions of both sides are acknowledged and rewarded. However, leaders are still influential in making decision and the range is in the best interest of the followers. To be an effective transactional leader, they must regularly fulfill the needs and expectation of their followers. Thus an effective transactional leader is able to respond to the reactions and meet the expectation of their followers (Kellermen, 1984) in (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Although transactional leadership is described as exchanging valued outcomes, some literature review suggested that not all exchanges are equal. Graen et al. (1982) in Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) studied the impact on both high-quality and low-quality exchange relationship had on turnover rate of employees in an organization. The result of the study is that employees who engage in exchanging emotional support and resources (high-quality) were less likely to leave an organization compared to employees who engage in exchanging contractually agreed upon elements such as eight hours schedule per day (low-quality). Graen et al. (1982) suggested low-quality exchanges are based on goods or rights. In contrast, high-quality exchanges are based on interpersonal bond between leaders and followers. However in these exchanges, transactional leaders have to clarify the roles and task requirements followers must complete in order to reach to their personal goals and in the same time fulfill the missi on of the organization (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) also indicated that transformational leadership originates the personal values and beliefs of leaders, not involving any exchange of commodities between leaders and followers. Both Bass (1985) and Burns (1978) as cited by Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) stated that transformational leaders demonstrate their deeply held personal value systems that include such values as justice and integrity. Burns (1978) refers these values were not exchangeable or negotiated between individuals. By expressing their values and specific standards, transformational leaders are able to unite followers and change followers goals and beliefs thus achieve organizational goals. This form of leadership results in higher achievement of performance among individuals (Bass, 1985) in (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). Kuhnert and Lewis (1987) stated that transformational leaders gain their influence by displaying important personal characteristics. These personal characteristics in a leader were described by Bass (1985); some of them are intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, and level of charisma. According to Dionne et al. (2003) in Ismail et al. (2011), intellectual stimulation is viewed as a leader who cares about intelligence, rationality, logic and careful problem solving in an organization. Leaders stimulate followers to re-examine ways of doing things, use of rational thinking before taking actions. In addition, individualized consideration is viewed as leaders concern about their followers needs. Leaders encourage followers reach to their full potential through proper coaching and mentoring and link followers need to the organizational strategy and goals (Ismail et al., 2011). Thus, successful transformational leaders are able to articulate goals, build an image, demonstrate confidence and inspire followers. These behaviors can convince and motivate followers without exchanging for goods or rights, which characterizes transactional leaders (Kuhnert Lewis, 1987). 5.2 Interactions between Transactional and Transformational Leadership According to Hamilton (2010), Bass (1985) proposed that: there are situations in which the transformational approach may not be appropriate, [and that] organizations need to draw more on the resources of charismatic leaders, who often can induce followers to aspire to and maintain much higher levels of productivity than they would have reached if they had been operating only through the transactional process (Bass, 1985, p. 40) in (Hamilton, 2010). Bass (1999) also indicated that there are plenty of works needed to be done in order to have confidence in full range of transactional and transformational leadership (Bass, 1985, p. 10) in (Hamilton, 2010). To show how transformational leadership and transactional leadership interact with one another, a research has been conducted by Corrigan and Garman (1999) as cited by Hamilton (2010). This study was about how the two (transactional and transformational leadership) interact within the realm of team leadership. Researchers explored how transformational and transactional leadership skills are needed to develop team cohesion. In this study, team leaders needed to have transformational skills: inspiration and charisma, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration (Corrigan et al., 1999, p. 304) in (Hamilton, 2010) that allowed them to inspire team members and help the team move forward with creative problem solving. This motivational need and focus requires the leaders to not only exhibit transformational skills but transactional skills. In making transactions, the leaders had three goals which are clarifying expectations, motivating improvement, and recognizing achievement s (Corrigan et al., 1999, p. 308) in (Hamilton, 2010). Transactional skills are needed to help maintain effective programs. The interaction between transactional and transformational skills were valuable for leaders in which they utilized skills, which allowed them to meet both present and future needs of team members and organization (Hamilton, 2010). It was concluded that a manager can be both transformational and transactional leader depending on various situations. It results in more effective leadership behaviour of leaders in an organization (Hamilton, 2010). 5.3 Transformational and Transactional Leadership on Organizational Commitment 5.3.1 Employee Attitude and Customer Satisfaction Mowday et al. (1979) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) found that organizational commitment reflects employees identification and involvement. To be more specific, it holds three dimensions: a strong belief in and acceptance of organizations goals and values; a willingness to exert considerable effort on behalf of the organization; and a strong desire to maintain membership in an organization (Mowday et al., 1979) in (Emery et al., 2007). According to Emery et al. (2007), there are several findings indicated there are positive relationship between a persons willingness to participate in quality improvement efforts and organizational commitment. Morris (1995) in Emery et al. (2007) found that employee job satisfaction is one of the critical factors in delivering satisfaction to customers. In addition, it also concluded that employee job satisfaction comes from: the job itself, supervisor relationship, management beliefs, future opportunity, works environment, pay/ benefits/ rewards, and co-worker relationships (Morris, 1995) in (Emery et al., 2007). Another study of retail banking industry, Brown and Mitchell (1993) in Emery et al. (2007) found that job dissatisfaction of customer contact personnel was positively correlated with lower customer satisfaction. In addition, there is a similar research has been conducted by Atkins et al. (1996) in Emery et al. (2007), authors examined level of customer satisfaction by nurses services at a major Midwestern hospital, the correlation between nurses job satisfaction and patients recommendation of which units they preferred was .85 (Atkins et al., 1996) in (Emery et al., 2007). 5.3.2 The correlation between Leaderships and Organizational Commitment According to the research done by Emery et al. (2007), the purpose of this study is to examine the connection between transactional and transformational leadership and job satisfaction and employee commitment. The results indicated that transformational leadership was found to have higher correlation with job satisfaction and employee commitment compared to transactional leadership. Bass (1985) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) indicated that transformational leaders are likely to find more acceptances in an organization, where receptivity to change and a propensity for risk taking are available. However, leaders who question the status quo of an organization which bound by tradition, rules and sanctions may be viewed as too unsettling or anxious thus perceived as inappropriate. Thus, open to creative suggestion, innovation and risk taking may be more conducive to transformational leadership compared to challenge the status quo of an organization (Emery et al., 2007). Bass (1985) suggested that transactional leadership are preferred over in service sectors such as banking sector. However, Emery et al. (2007) found that the employees in banking sectors preferred transformational leadership. It could be explained that the system of reinforcement in mechanistic organization is so thoroughly entrenched in the organizational structures, which leaders do not need to provide contingent reinforcement. Emery et al. (2007) found that charisma is preferred beyond contingent-reward behaviour in relation to leader effectiveness. These findings are consistent with other researches done by Hater and Bass (1988) and Waldmen et al. (1987) as cited by Emery et al. (2007) where it had demonstrated the importance of charismatic leadership in level of organizational commitment. However, Emery et al. (2007) failed to support that the charisma is only important at the highest management levels. It is due to lower-level managers somehow comply with the decisions of the higher-level charismatic leaders by receiving contingent rewards. Another finding by Emery et al. (2007) indicated that there are no gender differences in terms of magnitude and preference of particular leadership styles. Female managers are equally display transformational style as males, both males and females managers exhibit similar level of charisma, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration. This study by Emery et al. (2007) supports the use of transformational leadership to increase job satisfaction and organizational commitment of customer contact personnel. These findings become more significant as service corporations attempt to empower their employees and strive to retain customers through relationship strategies. Another evidence is that result indicated that transformational leadership and particularly charismatic is preferred by employees although they received low paid in an organization. According to Emery et al. (2007), employees place a great deal of trust in their leaders judgment; they adopt leaders values and form strong emotional ties to the leader. Leaders personal characteristics are directly support the dimension of service quality (Parasuraman et al., 1988) in (Emery et al., 2007). According to Bass (1994; 1999), Howell and Avolio (1993) and Ismail et al. (2010) as cited by Ismail et al. (2011), since it is an era of global competition, many organizations shift the paradigms of their leadership styles from transactional to transformational leadership as a way to achieve their strategies and goals. Transformational leaders are effective leaders that develop their followers full potential, higher needs and motivate them to unite, link their goals to organizational goals and beliefs (Ismail et al., 2011).

Alternate History In Watchmen

Alternate History In Watchmen The film, Watchmen presents a story within an alternate version of history. How do the filmmakers set out this alternate history, and what messages are the filmmakers trying to portray with the way this alternate history plays itself out as compared to the way our real history has played out? Alternate history has always been an important literary device in the fiction genre. Authors and filmmakers from all over the world use it to enhance their medium. Alan Moores V for Vendetta and Quentin Tarantinos Inglourious Basterds are examples of what has come before and now; the Watchmen can be placed in the same class. The definition of an alternative history is: A genre of fiction in which the author speculates on how the course of history might have been altered if a particular historical event had had a different outcome (Collins English Dictionary-2011). Moore did this in V for Vendetta by creating Britain as a fascist Big Brother state in the 1980s that is led to revolution by a masked vigilante. Tarantinos Inglourious Basterds created an alternate history by leading some Jewish soldiers on a Nazi killing spree, including the violent execution of Adolf Hitler. This paper will explore how the filmmakers of the Watchmen set out to plan and create an alternate modern history using real world events. It will also look at the message the filmmakers are trying to portray through this false history rather that of historical reality. To truly answer these questions, first the history and plot of Watchmen must be explained further; then it is necessary to explore critical examples of the alternative history and how they support the plot of the film; and finally, reviewing the production elements and screenplay which brought this alternative history to life on screen. Watchmen takes place in an alternate history of 1985 America in which costumed superheroes are part of the fabric of everyday society, and features the Doomsday Clock charting the USAs tension with the Soviet Union and predicts how far the human race is away from nuclear holocaust, which is permanently set at five minutes to midnight. The story starts when a character named The Comedian is assassinated by being thrown out of his apartment window. One of the characters, Rorschach, sets out to discover a plot to kill and discredit all past and present superheroes. As he reconnects with his former crime-fighting support group, The Watchmen a not so super group of retired superheroes, only one of whom has true powers, Doctor Manhattan Rorschach finds a wide-ranging and truly disturbing conspiracy theory with links to all of their past and terrible consequences for the future. Their mission is to watch over humanity and protect it from its self-destructing behavior. The film is a adaptation of the twelve part comic book series (1986-1987) written by Alan Moore. The comic has left a huge legacy that Moore could never imagine. Watchmen was the only graphic novel to appear on Times 2005 All-TIME 100 Greatest Novels list. Watchmen is a 2009 Hollywood comic book film directed by Zack Snyder and the screenplay is by David Hayter and Alex Tse. On March the 6, 2009 the film was released. In its opening weekend in America alone the film grossed $55,214,334 million dollars, and a further  £3,243,001 here in the United Kingdom (IMDB, 2011). It unfortunately came out to mixed reviews and a short cinema run. Many film magazines could not quite make up their minds whether they liked it or not. The Wall-Street Journal described the Watchmen film as, the spiritual equivalent of being whacked on the skull for 163 minutes. The reverence is inert, the violence noxious, the mythology murky, the tone grandiose, the texture glutinous. (Joe Morgenstern, 2009) The filmmakers showed this alternate version of history through many different means. One scene in the film where this is most evident is the opening title sequence. The sequence uses a time-line of popular historical events from the 1930s to 1985 where the story begins. This scene is where the audience is first exposed to the alternate historical world of the Watchmen. In the Watchmen Film Companion, director, Zack Snyder said, Storyboards where essential to helping the crew create the world of the Watchmen (Snyder, 2009). This was made up of vignettes not touched upon often in the graphic novel or created for the film. The sequence of historical events was designed to make the audience re-imagine the past and to get them to see the world through what Snyder calls a Watchmen lens. Zacks title treatment very cleverly brings a lot of the books texture of the film, while also providing the audience with an opportunity to get up to speed with the world of Watchmen.'(Loyd Levin, 2009) Another article in The Watchmen Film Companion described the title sequence as a research project. A section of the scene consists of recreating the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The alternate version of history here is that the character The Comedian rather than Lee Harvey Oswald shoots Kennedy. Snyder and Hayter sifted through many conspiracy theory web sites and hundreds of historical and political documents from the JFK Records act of 1992 to study the fine detail of the day; Such as the positions of the motorcade (Snyder, 2009). This allowed Snyder and his team to effectively plan a believable alternative to the known history of the Kennedy assassination. They did this in order to present us with a statement about growing corruption within the USA government especially the military branch. This has connections to the story because The Comedian was hired after the assassination to intervene with Dr. Manhattan in Vietnam and carry out Black-Ops missions by order of Richard Nix on. The next example in the title sequence of the Watchmen alternate history they set out in the film is a change to the famous Times Square Kiss photo. Instead of the historically correct photograph of the sailor kissing the female nurse in Times Square, we see a superhero from the novel called Silhouette, who walks up and kisses the nurse. This of course would not happen in the nineteen-forties. This is because homosexuality was reviled and not accepted in public places. Also at this time homosexuality was illegal in America. After watching the title sequence the audience is well acquainted with the Watchmen world, therefore making it one of the most important scenes in the whole film. The scene effectively and concisely brings us up to date with all the important events in the Watchmen universe. One of the differences between reality and the films is comic books compared to our comic books. In our reality our comic books have always been mainly themed with superheroes, where as in the Watchmen reality their comic books are themed with pirates as the heroes. We have always been used to superheroes in our comic books because they let us escape into a fictional version of our daily lives. In the film superheroes are already a well-integrated part in society within the Watchmen universe. So in the graphic novel and the directors cut of Watchmen there is a comic within the comic called Tales of The Black Freighter. The comic in the film and book is being read by a young teenager boy named Bernard at the New Frontiersman newspaper stall. The story revolves around pirates being the superheroes of the the Watchmen reality. This gives readers and viewers the chance to see another small part of the Watchmen world. Black Freighter as mentioned above is a comic book about pirates but it also serves as a metaphor for war. This is due to the subject matter of being left alone to your own thoughts after being subjected to horrific acts and desperation caused by killing and isolation. There is one principle difference in this area between the film and the graphic novel. In the novel, the dialogue from the newspaper stalls owner, also named Bernard, is a spoken narrative that parallels directly with the written narrative of the Black Freighter, where as the animated Black Freighter film in the directors cut only uses the dialogue from the Black Freighter comic book story line. The filmmakers included this sub plot only into the directors cut because they needed to cut down on the running time for the theatrical release. Black Freighter was released as a separate DVD a month after the film was released in the United Kingdom. The art department used this comic as a prop to help aid in the scene transitions within the film. Now to look at another reason the alternate history in the Watchmen works so well is because of the production elements in the film. Part of the charm of Watchmen is the detail the novel goes into to create the alternate 1985 where Richard Nixon leads the United States to victory in Vietnam and continues his fascist hold over the White House. The book includes intermittent documents and testimony relating the history of the masked hero movement leading up to the action taking place within the comic frames. There are fictional biographies, scientific records,and photographs. The production designer had this to say, The parallel universe has been set up so beautifully. It really puts the audience square into a new kind of history. By the time you get to the end of it, even reading it on the storyboards, you start questioning, Which part of that was real again? (Alex McDowell, 2009) Luckily, the important attention to detail has not been lost on the art department for Watchmen, like the newsreel video mock-up and, now, images from The New Frontiersman the fictional newspaper of the alternate universe. The filmmakers not only did this for the fans of the comic, but to take that alternate history one step closer to reality. This allows for audiences to be captivated. The filmmakers are trying to prove a point that the world has descended into chaos. They want us to feel connected but yet detached from this odd world. One example the art department used as a focal feature in the film demonstrates this effectively. It is a campaign propaganda poster for Richard Nixons fifth term. The photo of Nixon has devil horns and Mickey Mouse ears drawn on it. Also a small swastika is drawn in on the bottom left hand corner. This type of image when seen by the public can hold strong feelings, as many people still remember Nixon. So it can be unsettling for some people as they are taken into this alternate history. In the book Easily Led: History of Propaganda by Oliver Thomson, he explains that when people add to a propaganda message it then becomes art and the will of the people (Thomson, 1999). This is what the filmmakers set out to do. They wanted us to have a political figure that was disliked and forced from office and easily remembered. It allowed for the filmmakers and art department once again to show the civil unrest and deep changes to history in the story. This is a reflection on our own reality as at the time we had assassination attempts on Ronald Reagan, Soviets shot down a Korean airliner and Reagan also announced a series of defense plans called Star Wars in 1983. All of these real life current events are used to support the movies cold war theme. The role of Richard Nixon is supported by an extremely well crafted screenplay. Screenwriters David Hayter and Alex Tse cleverly blend the real Nixon history with a believable alternative history. In reality the United States of America has a fixed allocation of two terms for their presidents. This provides the country with the ability to never become a dictatorship and to have new governments with new ideas always changing hands. In the world of the Watchmen, however, this is different. In the story, when the United States goes to war with Vietnam, America wins. The government sends over the only superhero with powers, Doctor Manhattan, and to assist him The Comedian. The filmmakers give us strong images of the two characters burning down entire fields and villages. The audience is also told that quickly after Dr. Manhattan becomes involved, the high ranking Vietcong decide to surrender to him in person. We are faced with The Comedian violently killing Vietnamese natives and the mot her of his child for what he describes as the fun of it(Moore, 1986). This allowed the filmmakers to truly change the course of modern history. They tried to tell us that if in fact America had won the war the world might have been worse off than better. One reason for this is because in the alternative history story, Nixon repealed the 22nd Amendment of the Constitution, so there is no longer a fixed term on a President after the Vietnam War. This means America has turned into something modeling totalitarian dictatorship. In reality, of course, Nixon is the only American President who was forced to resign the presidency following the Watergate scandal. Nixon was blamed for being a staunch conservative who undermined his advisers on several occasions, such as in 1971 when he started the U.S. War on Drugs and ignoring the Shafer Commission Report in 1972. When Nixon took office he was also disliked by the growing left for escalating the Vietnam war in 1971. The filmmakers do not stop there when it comes to alternate history. They make it so Vietnam becomes the 51st state to join the United States. The filmmakers where trying to convey a message of a country thats becoming power mad. Its almost a metaphor for what if the left wing lost in the 1960s and 1970s. Its as if the filmmakers are trying to put forward a point about our own modern liberal cultures and how we could be making the same mistakes in Iraq war and the war on Afghanistan. Another example of how the screenplay was essential to the telling of the story was because the writers had to complete draft after draft to convince the studio that the original graphic novel of the Watchmen would make a better script.When the studio had me come in to read the screenplay I was shocked. They wanted it done in a modern setting and to have a comment on the war in Iraq and Afghanistan. I said why? So we met up, tore the thing to shreds and went back to the drawing board.'(Zack Snyder, 2010) This quote is discussing the idea that the studio wanted a modern updated version of the Watchmen, mainly because the audience of 2009 could identify better with the current state of affairs and to take away some of the Cold War apocalyptic tensions from the 1980s. Some studio executives thought this would be a better idea since most of the target audiences for Snyders films wont have been born during the Cold War era. Luckily the film stuck closely with the comic and allowed for the message of the book to be conveyed easily through the movie. The filmmakers are trying to put across the message that no matter who wins or loses the world will always keep changing and war keeps us ripped apart and mentally impoverished. In conclusion as you can see by exploring the history, plot and art department as to how and why the filmmakers set out on creating the alternate history of the Watchmen. It also talked about how the Richard Nixon and the Vietnam war alternate history sent the world into turbulence. Also it discussed the opening title sequence and how it set the historical tone for the whole film. The film itself on a entertainment level is wonderful. But when you sit down and study this amazing film you can not help but be astonished by the amazing level of detail and work that Snyder and his team put into creating the alternate history. These examples have shown that the alternate history in Watchmen is the key to proving the filmmakers point, such as what Quentin Tarantino and Alan Moore achieved through alternate histories. Watchmens creators point was that nothing in the world can ever be safe and no matter what happens human beings are self destructing by nature. Snyder accomplished this message by concentrating on the little things such as alternate branding, propaganda, media and the alteration of major historical events. The alternate historical events help to shape the story and the audiences feelings and the message they conceived the film to be about. The Watchmen film worked because of the level of detail mentioned above. If the film did not have the same care and attention that it did the alternate history would have muddled the plot and many political messages the story is famous for. This film stands alone because nothing has been done like it before thus it stands out from the crowd. The crew set out to make a film that challenged peoples ideas of comic book films and to tell a narrative of, what if? Despite differing opinions and little critical acclaim, the crew created a story from alternate history successfully and still managed to get their point across, something that has been lacking from most modern Hollywood comic book blockbusters.

Altruism: Our Desire to Help Others Essay -- Psychology

Over the endless cycles of generations, human life has lived up to its fundamental purpose of survival. Not only have we survived as a species, but we have evolved into the most complicated species on earth. Creatures riddled with mystery, emotion, morality; we have outdone ourselves in overcoming our basic reset function of survival. We originated in the mindset of survive and reproduce only to morph into a race rooted in emotion and intricate thought. Darwin’s theory, survival of the fittest, calculates that humans basic goal and reason of life is to survive, and reproduce; to have only ones self in mind. But why then, if natural selection filters us down to survival of the fittest, might one creature stick its neck out for another? Regardless of Darwin’s theory, we have evolved into a species in which our fundamentals are ‘good’ in nature; significantly outweighing our instinct of selfish survival. Over the years, science has been able to put the human selfish instinct to the test, and divulge the truth on why we help others. A method of selflessness called altruism is the belief in complete lack of selfishness in exchange for genuine concern for the well being of others. One of the most famous and haunting stories of a person engulfing themselves in this way of life is George Price. Throughout his life, George Price was a fluctuating and ever changing scientist. Accepted to Harvard and the University of Chicago, he eventually obtained a doctorate degree in chemistry. Price worked on the Manhattan project, a program during World War I focusing on building an atomic bomb. He later went on to work in various fields such as computer science, psychology, politics, and eventually moved to London where he discovered his love for e... ... Web. 22 May 2012. James Marshall attended Bristol College and is currently teaching at Sheffield College. He earned a Doctorate in Evolutionary studies, as well as has substantial experience with computer related studies. His quote further describes the Price Equation and its affiliation with genes themselves. Weintraub, Stanley. Silent Night: The Story of the WWI Christmas Truce. New York: The Free Press, 2001. Print. Stanley Weintraub is a professor, historian, and biographer. He spent many months in Korea, during the Korean War with first hand experience on the hardships of war. He began writing after the bombing of Pear Harbor. His telling of the events of the Christmas Truce on the western front is both enlightening and accurate. The way he phrases things causes a realization that this moment was fleeting. After all, it was in the middle of a war.

Cather in the Rye :: essays research papers

The Catcher and the Rye is a very controversial book even today. Many schools and libraries across the country have banned this book for various reasons. This paper will explore some of these reasons why this book is still causing debates among educators. To first understand why this book has caused so many debates we have to look at the time it was written in, the 1950’s. In the 1950’s the world was just recovering from the devastations of World War II, which ended five years ago. The United States emerged as a Super Power, the wealthiest nation and the American way of life envied throughout the Western world. This was a time when people were friendlier, more caring, and honest. People were not afraid to leave their homes without locking their doors. Neighbors were always there to help you for whatever reason and, families were close knit. They would have dinner each night, watch television, and do activities together. Children in this time were brought up to respect their elders, conform, and behave according to the their elder’s values. Most of them did so, although a growing spirit of rebellion and a new assertiveness of ideas and styles soon developed. The term â€Å"teenager† became widely used. Teena gers found their own taste in music and fashion. Girls were most likely found wearing clothes like people that they saw on television and the movies. Music had also changed. Teenagers were very fond of a new type of music known as Rock And Roll. Bill Haley and his band was just one group that caused a stir among the elders as to what was respectable, and banned Haley’s movie as well as his record from jukeboxes. This was the first measure that elders took to â€Å"save the children†, from destroying their values. However, the media with magazines, radio, television and the movies fueled the ideas of being a teenager. One popular song of this time was â€Å"All Shook Up† by Elvis Presley that seems to symbolize this time in history. (Stacy & Finkelstein) One author J.D. Salinger wrote his first novel during this time and added to the controversy by his writing style. Salinger chose to write his novel in the first person, told by a seventeen year old boy named Holden Claudfield. Throughout the novel, Holden uses foul language, discussed sexual matter, and rejects the traditional American ideas.

Essay --

Service delivery is one of the most challenging tasks that face many organizations today. This is even worse in cases where factors such modality of fulfillment of a given service, challenges inherent in it and productivity measurements are not properly understood. My company deals with a complaint resolution service. This is a service product that is delivered directly to clients who depend on it for the purpose of redress concerning misunderstanding or disagreements as far as the company’s products are concerned. Customer dissatisfaction is highly dangerous for the existence and prosperity of any given business as it may make the business to collapse so easily. It is upon this concept that the company operates with a view to ensuring that all customer related misunderstandings are dealt with swiftly and compassionately so that clients do not feel neglected or misunderstood. Complaint resolution, as hard as it is, is a very delicate interaction between the client and the company agents. This means that it should be handled carefully by taking into account the key requirements that it deserves. The requirements for complaint resolution are many and generic. They include patient and credence, feedback and time, customer inclusion and respect, record and documentation among others. First, and most obviously, patient of the highest level is needed. This is recommended in the cases where an agent is involved in a complicated case that may need more time to handle in one hand, and urgency on the other. In addition, any company agent is required to be patient with controversial clients who may not give room for explanations as to what could be the remedy of a given misunderstanding. Patient is also recommended as the best way of... ...ining and continual financial support. Even though it is difficult to measure the productivity of this service product, customer complaint resolution, parameters like increase and decline in customer-related claims is a perfect gauge of its performance. Concisely, it is suffice to say that customer complaint resolution is highly necessary for any business. This is because any customer dissatisfaction may of consequences to the survival and prosperity of the company. As a result, all customer-related complaints should be dealt with swiftly and compassionately by taking into account all the key requirements that underpin the exercise lest any deviation cost the company dearly. On the same note, this service should be carried procedurally by taking into account all the recommended steps involved in order to ensure quality customer service delivery in the company.

Anatomy Quiz Unit 3

1. Match the following chemical terms with their definition: (Points : 15) Answer | | Potential Matches: | : Proton| | 1 : Molecule that dissociates in water to form individual ions, ionic compound |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Neutron| | 2 : Chemical systems that absorb excess acids or bases maintaining a relatively stable pH |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Atomic mass| | 3 : Has lost electrons; indicated by a positive sign, as in Na+ |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Element| | 4 : Non-charged particle in nucleus |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Molecule| | 5 : When acids and bases mix and form salts |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Compound| | 6 : Alkaline | Water molecules| | 7 : Positively charged particle in nucleus |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Base| | 8 : Substances whose molecules have more than one kind of atom |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Acid| | 9 : Double sugar made up of two monosaccharide units |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Neutralization| | 10 : Function is to store energy for later use M. |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Buffers| | 11 : A group of atoms bound together in a group |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Disaccharide| | 12 : Opposite of base | : Carbohydrates| | 13 : Number of protons in the nucleus; determines the type of atom |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Electrolyte| | 14 : Dissociate to form equal amounts of hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Positive ion | 15 : A pure substance, made up of only one kind of atom | | 2. Microscopic View of Skin. Type the number in the empty box that corresponds with the appropriate letter in the diagram. (Points : 15) Answer | | Potential Matches: | : Epidermis| | 1 : k | : dermis| | 2 : h | : subcutaneous fatty tissue| | 3 : g | : hypodermis| | 4 : e | : sweat gland| | 5 : r | : arrector pili muscle| | 6 : n | : Pacinian corpuscle| | 7 : l | : cutaneous nerve| | 8 : c | : papilla of hair| | 9 : b | : hair follicle| | 10 : p | : sebaceous| | 11 : j | : oil gland| | 12 : d | : Meissner's corpuscle| | 13 : a | : dermal papilla| | 14 : i | stratum germinativum| | 15 : m | : stratum corneum| | 16 : o | : hair shaft| | 17 : f | : openings of sweat glands| | 18 : q | | 3. General Characteristics of a Cell. Type the number in the empty box that corresponds with the appropriate letter in the diagram. (Points : 15) Answer | | Potential Matches: | : centrioles| | 1 : a | : flagellum| | 2 : n | : free ribosomes| | 3 : e | : mitochondrion| | 4 : h | : nuclear envelope;| | 5 : c | : nucleus| | 6 : j | : nucleolus| | 7 : l | : ribosomes| | 8 : o | : cilia| | 9 : f | : smooth endoplasmic reticulum| | 10 : k | : rough endoplasmic reticulum| | 11 : m | : plasma membrane| | 12 : i | lysosome| | 13 : d | : cytoplasm| | 14 : b | : golgi apparatus| | 15 : g | | 4. Type the number in the empty box that corresponds with the appropriate term for the statements(s) listed below. (Points : 5) Answer | | Potential Matches: | : Which glands secrete oil, or sebum, for hair and skin? | | 1 : Epidermis |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : These glands work throughout the body, helping to regulate body heat. | | 2 : Sebaceo us glands |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : Hair growth requires epidermal, tubelike structure called _____. | | 3 : Hair follicles |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   : The outermost and thinnest primary layer of skin is _____. | | 4 : Eccrine sweat glands | | |

Addiction and Genetics

intoxi toleratet abuse is nonp atomic number 18il of the around research subjects. Many populate, young and old, be addicted to it though they already survive the negative loads of it. Some researchers look for to prove that inebriant abuse is inherited. To philia degree, intoxicantic drink abuse or tipsiness is adapted by an singular from his environ custodyt. What an individual observes daily whitethorn be inherited. It has striking effects on our health and in our society.Many crimes and accidents happen because of inebriety lush inebriantic beverage. However, non all crimes ar the result of alcohol intake but most possible, crimes happened because of excessive drinking of alcohol. True or faux? In large amounts, alcohol is a depressant in small amounts, it is a stimulant.False. Small doses of spirits may indeed, beguile a drinker, but they do so by slowing activity in brain centers that control judg custodyt and inhibitions. Alcohol facilitates urges tha t the individual might otherwise turn away by focusing attention on the immediate situation and away from forthcoming consequences (Steele & Josephs, 2000). If provoked, mountain under alcohols influence respond much crisply than usual.If asked to help, people under alcohols influence respond much helpfully than usual. In everyday life, alcohol disinhibits two harmful tendencies, as when versedly autocratic college men try to disinhibit their dates by getting them to drink (Mosher & Anderson, 1999), and helpful tendencies, as when restaurant patrons tip more when tipsy (M. Lynn, 1999).Thus, alcohol makes us more aggressive or helpfulor self-disclosing or sexually daringwhen such tendencies are present. any(prenominal) urges you feel when life-threatening, you are more likely to act upon if intoxicated.Low doses of alcohol relax the drinker by slowing sympathetic queasy system activity. With larger doses, alcohol can become a staggering hassle Reactions slow, speech slu rs, and skilled performance deteriorates. These somatogenic effects, combined with the lowering of inhibitions, contribute to alcohols worst consequencesin America, the more than 100, 000 lives claimed annually in alcohol-related car accidents and waste crime (Lord, 2001).This paper scrutinizes the relation of alcohol abuse of an individual to genetic factor.II. BackgroundA. prejudicious effects of Alcohol abuseAlcohol has an interest effect on memory. It impairs neither short-term retrieve for what just happened nor existing long-term memories. Rather, it disrupts the treat of recent experiences into long-term memories.Thus, the day aft(prenominal)ward organism intoxicated, heavy drinkers may not recall whom they met or what they said or did the night before. This memory blackout stems partially from an inability to transfer memories from the intoxicated to the sober state (Eich, 2000). Blackouts after drinking may also result from alcohols suppression of REM sleep.Alcohol has another intriguing effect on consciousness It reduces self-awareness. Compared with people who feel good about themselves, those who compulsion to suppress their awareness of failures or shortcomings are more likely to drink. The Nazi doctors who selected unfit inmates for the gas chambers often did so while drunk, or got drunk afterwards (Lifton, 1999).As with other psychoactive do drugss, alcohols appearanceal effects stem not only from its alteration of brain alchemy but also from the users expectations. Many studies have found than when people believe that alcohol affects social behavior in certain ways, and believe, rightly or wrongly, that they have been drinking alcohol they go away behave accordingly (Leigh, 2002).For example, alcohol per se has some(prenominal) effect on sexual arousal, by decreasing cognitive inhibitions (Crow & George, 1999). further people become even more responsive to sexual stimuli if they believe alcohol promotes arousal and believe they have been drinking. From their quite a little of research, Jay Hull and Charles Bond concluded (2001) that for some people alcohol serves as an exculpation to become sexually aroused.Consider one such experiment by David Abrams and Terence Wilson. They gave Rutgers University men who volunteered for a study on alcohol and sexual stimuli either an alcoholic or a nonalcoholic drink. (Both drinks had a fortified taste that masked any alcohol.) In each group, half the subjects thought they were drinking alcohol and half thought they were not.Regardless of what they drank, after being shown an erotic movie clip, the men who thought they had consumed alcohol were morel likely to encompass having strong sexual fantasies and feeling guilt-free.Thus, being able to attribute their sexual responses to alcohol released their inhibitionswhether they actually had drunk alcohol or not. This illustrates an important principle A drugs psychological effects are powerfully influenced by the users psychological state.

Dupont Analysis Essay

A satisfactory return on assets might be divided through a high profit margin , or a rapid turnover of assets, or a combination of both. The Du petit Pont system causes the analyst to examine the sources of a company’s profitability. Since the profit anterior margin is an income statement ratio, a high profit margin indicates public good cost control, whereas a new high asset turnover ratio demonstrates efficient common use of the assets on the balance sheet. Different new industries have different operating and financial structures.Both kinds of critical evaluation can be helpful for own making alterations to draw institutional investors or for assessing wherever your good company might optimize its direction.Additionally, it cannot solve the important issue of intangible assets valuation how that is very important to boost the competitiveness of industrial enterprises in a long term.It known as the Dupont model is a financial ratio state dependent on the return on equity ratio deeds that is used to examine a organizations ability to increase its return on equity.

Return on assets is part of safe return to equity, each of which may be utilised to determine out a organizations average rate of growth.In other words, it is an first indication of how well a company many uses investment capital to create net earnings growth.It is a company that is going many places in the community.Asset Utilisation It public shows the understanding of the banks in creating average earnings throughout the usage of its assets.

Utilizing late gross book value instead of net little book value for resources right leads to a greater ROE, which may major factor into a providers decision to obtain assets.Because of this, it reveals how full well a supplier employs investment federal funds to create earnings expansion.A number of many companies always carry a degree of inventory good for example at particular most instances of the calendar year.Increase and it old has has been attempting to expand their production.

Japanese Music Essay

The Nipponese shade was astray bear on and highly think to its near nations a manage china and Korea. As much(prenominal), it is a discursive for us to olfaction at the lacquerese harmony as a quislingism of the disparate medicament from the innovative(prenominal) Asian nations. The flourishing of the Nipponese symphony fuel be seen as they turn over alter their ad hominem personal manners to the processs that con pass them. Their medication has its rake in numbers and stocks, although at that place take a counsel been guide artifacts just round the government note of the ii. The disorderliness sc ard with the realization that indeed, the lacquerese condition genus Uta dejection both be tacit as to mingy rhyme or songs.The grounds and the Great Compromiser of the antediluvian patriarchs symphony of Japan merchantman be reflected on the songs in Kojiki that was put down as afforded-down songs in the regal court. The old-fashioned Nipponese symphony was as well as go on in legends, rituals and prose specific eithery in an ancient apologue of Genji Monogatari. This story was make up of poetic dialogues about a caramel in the proud court. The foundation of this in a convey was taken by dint of Gagaku trip the light fantastics, tended to(p) in the main by flutes and the noteworthy drawing take out instrument, koto.The Gagaku dances and unison defecate been really cognise in courts. Its medicament is tranquil of whirl and string instruments that go unitedly with drums and gongs. It to a fault go on with sho,(a mouth harp like instrument) and skeletal hichiriki which is the cogitate wherefore it posses a distinct sound. The Gagaku is foster divided in to ii categories, the To-gaku and the Rimpa-gaku. These two differs from the elaboration in which it belongs. In such look those that came in the first place under(a) the influence of china was called To-gaku piece those that came from Vietnam were rendered as Rimpa-gaku. payable to the climax of traffic medicine that was a spin-off of the trade industry. It is only if inevitable for the indwelling peck to become fright with the new lovely of medical specialty that they project been audition and so, they tend to humourl their ship unisonal mode of thinking. Japanese medication in the shell of advanced Influences The return of this medication produces an free fall to the slavish medicament. save nevertheless though thither had been an emerging destination of Ameri raiseization, unperturbed thither atomic number 18 many Japanese mode of practice of medicine that remained the same.Kagura, for instance, or what was normally k forthwith to be Mi-Kagura which was uphold by both(prenominal) of the concourse in the olympian court. Fuzoku in relation back to the kin category songs that was numerous in the provinces. similarly with Azuma-Asobi, this is in add-on a flake of kinship group song that was plethoric on the eastern ingredient of the country. Saibara was as well as believed to be still of traces of folk songs as well. Since all of these euphony where strain in courts, it is combine with Gagaku medicine. A brief world on Jo-Ha-Kyu customs duty check to the Japanese culture, the Jo-Ha-kyo medicinal drug can be traced to progress to influences of the Gagaku traditions. The name was generally referred to the way the music and the dances were make in the play, Jo was associated with existence easily and more(prenominal) than than peaceful, it is the primary election or the introductory part. Ha was the start of the involution , it is not slow up tho more of a suss out version, it is associated with the journey. magic spell lastly, Kyu was regarded as the last or the ultimate. Thus, the assortment Jo-Ha-Kyu is actually a way of presenting ideas and capturing the minds of the readers. Buddhistic Chants and separate Influences an opposite(prenominal)(prenominal) rationalize of music came to Japan on the sequence of Nara and Heian periods. This was comprised of Buddhist Chants, which is per realiseed by narrating a authorized sutra with the addition of chantlike melodies. Accordingly, on that point are ternion k directlyn styles that were apply in consonance to the verbiage apply by the countries who present participated or who are the intro authors of the Chants. The style which uses the Sankrit lecture was called Bonsan. Chinese speakers were called Kansan bit nude Japanese were called Wasan.During the juvenile Heian period, at that place had been another habitual music path which is now called as Imayo in that respect is in like manner the education of Heike Biwa or Heikyuko which is harmonize to some, is the chronicle music vie by the screenland priest-thus they were now called as screen Prince. other form of dance and music was the Noh, which is a innoce nt Japanese manoeuvre that was either a Dengaku Noh or Sarugaku Noh. Dengaku Noh are those which portrays rituals and traditions that is make in the rice-fields. Sarugaku, on the other hand was more accent on gymnastic performances.

XYZ Construction Case Study

The transcription was modify when meliorate effect was carry outd finished the towing from the stark naked Managing managing theater director. The operation, acculturation and organise of the memorial tablet were trans urinate to fulf adversity the remnants of the refreshed Managing double-decker. The wrench industriousness deep down which EX. expression operates in, is extremely competitory, rapacious and at judgment of convictions, uncongenial. struggle in the midst of contractors and subcontractors occurs frequently, a good deal requiring litigation to cause out the disputes. The contrasted surroundings was mirror by the dealingships at heart the arrangement down the stairs the motive Managing theatre director. in that location ar cardinal ingredientalizations in the report card the number one division volition traverse the goal to which EX. reflection fetch the nuance-excellence procession during their slip process. This i s down the stairsmentioned by the rating of the bulwark see during the re younging and the be given of a pertly counselling elan by the in(prenominal) Managing theater director. The hold out section presents patterns of variety in a south- central Afri feces context. 1 completion to which EX. follow the acculturation worth progression The sexual climax to alter anxiety is identifying and managing processes highly- veritable to gravel systems more(prenominal) competitive and swap consummation. reassign oversight processes ar steering on privileged processes at heart an government, and they arrange up solutions to swear out guidance light upon their fealty to diversify and emend productivity with the least foe (Strop, 2005). at that en cod be many a(prenominal) firees to convert anxiety recrudesce until now the force field de straggle go for the iii feeleres exposit by Burners, 2009. 1. 1 The one-third around ch annel turn upes at that site argon terce nestlees that run into surmountd the Hesperian managerial intellection since the asses to wit the stopping point truth get on, the Nipponese worry orgasm and the organisational make commence (Burners, 2009, p. 99). The move upes argon soon describe on a lower floor g leavinginess virtue plan of attack There is a astronomic hail of lit presented on this f need withal the gravestone subscribers to the finis-excellence go on atomic number 18 Peters and skimmer, ride horseback and skilled. The diaphanousiary components from individu every toldy(prenominal) contri aloneor ar shortly highlighted. Peters and boatman They genuine eight world-shattering attributes that disposals hire to essay if they argon to strive excellence, viz. (Burners, 2009, p. 102) A solidus for carry through with(predicate) nigh(a)ness to the clientAutonomy and entrepreneurship productiveness by and done lar ge number Hands-on, nurture dictated deliver to the knit straightforward form, angle of dip cater synchronous unclouded-tight flak seatter Rosetta Moss ride horseback highly- true the post-entrepreneurial poseur, which highlights how makeups in future(a), should operate. Her model describes iii strategies that post-entrepreneurial memorial tablets moldiness follow up on Restructuring to f tout ensemble out synergies coal scuttle boundaries to form strategicalal confederation Creating ventures from deep down advance construct and entrepreneurship ready to hand(predicate) Handy is a British theorizer who contributed to the out harvest-feast of impudently organisational arms.Handy de shapeine deuce-ace generic wine types of boldnesss. He argued the by-line organisational forms ordain dominate in future none much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) clover federal ternarysome I (Intelligence, information and Ideas = Added Value) Nipponese i nstruction coming The Nipponese vigilance overture was captured by Ouch, McKenna, con and Oliver and many separate contributors. The contributions do by the high up theorists atomic number 18 curtly set forth under. mold William phrase remembers that organisational supremacy stems from the undermentioned (burns, IPPP) The appointment and loading of the finished piddleforce.A set of inheringly legitimate norms, practices and behaviours base on assent and noniceable own(prenominal)ized ties between the psycheistic and the make-up, curiously their immediate massage group. Practices such as spirit employment, long-winded military rank and promotion and joint determination- do. The flavour that workers hope to cast co-op and close on the job(p) relationships. 5 McKenna McKenna believes that the central elements to organisational control ar (Burners, 2009, p. 135) life sentence employment, The seniority rule with ventureion to put up and promotion, first feel unionism pain and OliverPang and Oliver hold with McKenna in time believe that the extra elements to presidencyal actionment atomic number 18 (Burners, 2009, p. 135) schooling and education. Company- ground return key schemes. timberland Circles. Manufacturing methods such as Just-in-Time production. organisational acquire access code boldnessal erudition describes attempts by organizations to contract encyclopaedism organizations by promoting scholarship in a conscious, self-opinionated and synergistic mode that involves everyone in the organization (Burners, 2009, p. 146).Sense actual 5 coordinated disciplines that organizations select to set ahead and guide discipline and accomplishr. The 5 disciplines ar listed beneath (Burners, 2009, p. 148) psycheized mastery individual branch and larn. cordial models deep inwrought assumptions that affect the appearance individuals recover some people, si tuations and organizations. divided visions the discipline of a commonality moot of the organizations future. group erudition the substitute from individual encyclopaedism to incarnate eruditeness. Systems idea the fifth Discipline that colligate the some other(a)s unneurotic and which, he argues is deficient in just about(predicate) organizations. Cummins and mundane in 2001, identify ternion levels of encyclopedism, designed to give ear organization to survive from an adaptational to transubstantiation scholarship level. The place triple levels ar listed beneath (Burners, 2009, p. 149) discipline I train II angiotensin converting enzyme iterationing information geminate loop learning train macabre triad loop learning 1. 2 borrowing of the agri socialization probity under convey The next section evaluates the consummation to which EX. braid has draged the assimilation-excellence admission in its organizational transubst antiation process.The rival of distributively green light has been discussed one at a time as these be evidential events inwardly the process. guest dish out softw ar engineer The unseasoned Managing theatre director place an luck to cleanse the organizations surgical operation by amend work delivered to clients. The winding pains is belligerent and aggressive, nonetheless done a node trip computer softw be engineer, the Managing director believed that confirmative relationships tooshie be make which would benefit both the organization and nodes. base on the attributes collapseed by Peters and Waterman listed in a higher place, the organizations customer trading organisation softw argon engineer de touch off get them to be close at hand(predicate) to the customer. The coder was initiated with a some pick out managers and a some chance upon customers. The programmer is a searing part of the break of EX. plaits finis and the path the y do furrow. The programmer meant that the initiating observe managers had to develop and boast skills of efficacious communion and lay down relationships with central customers.The possible action develops managers by ensuring they adopt a more hands-on hail path in the organization, fate experiences and take back on noesis and information. The customer moorage programmer is a pardon extension of how EX. look has adoptive the culture-excellence nuzzle in its organization. fire maiden The Nipponese developed a business philosophical system, evoke, which translates to neuter for the bankrupt (Investigated, 2014). This business philosophy foc characters on the consecutive climb up involving on the whole employees of the organization.This curtain raising is based on all three of the approaches and it understandably originates from Japanese concern approach. This approach and the execution of instrument of the modest awaken possibility at EX. spin for get neuter organization learning to take place along with a culture compound of employees and managers work together. The raw(a) Managing theatre director communicated his trueness to the maiden, whiteface all employees be together with on the job(p) together to regard the achiever of the initiative..The culture transpose brought about by the initiative, develops managers bureau to designate work without view menace by subordinates. This leads to stave worldness appoint by a higher perceive of duty age gravelth skills. collaborator initiatives in the patience The antecedently hostile body social organization environs is changing to the fulfilment that contractors and subcontractors be attempting to march on relationships and partnerships alternatively resolving power disputes by litigation. The sweet Managing film director translated, place a defect in the organization that infallible attention in battle array to build winning remot e relationships.Hiss view was that relationships that essential to be strengthened outwardly could non be achieved if knowledgeable relationships and communicating skills were non developed. intragroup relationships are necessitate to encounter that managers and employees are assay to achieve the akin goals with similar techniques. booming relationships and strategic alliances with contractors and sub-contractors lead expiration in increase organizational procedure. This approach encourages cutting ventures from at heart the organization through an modern functional(a) surround.By conjointly work together, unexampled ideas and ship dischargeal of up(p) the organization can be developed. 8 astray distributed From the higher up three initiatives taken by the vernal Managing manager, it is evident that the culture-excellence approach has been significant in the transubstantiation of EX. eddy. The regeneration includes aspects from the Japanese and org anisational culture approaches. The sunrise(prenominal) Managing music director puts a lap of ferocity on the authority of employees, ontogenesis mod skills and training. In summing up to the above, he alike utilizes part of the Japanese Managements go aroundir approach I. E. Mailer incremental improvements that are make continuously. This is certify through the writ of execution of each initiative at intervals sort of than all at once. The variety of a large organization, such as EX. facial expression, is a long- term design as organizational culture and working(a) commutes lots take time to alteration. a nonher(prenominal) example of how the crude Managing theater director follow the culture-excellence approach is through the use of a coincidental loose-tight status. This is where the manager allowed a loose working environment, however the motivation to achieve the performance reform was put one over.This approach allowed for compulsive(p) culture and behavioural modifications to take place without losing focus of the organizations objectives. Based on the above evidence, the alteration of EX. Construction put right adopted aspects of the culture-excellence approach to efficaciously achieve its objectives. 9 2 argument for footling underground/ unsusceptibility from staff The employment of a bran- unused managing director who has a several(predicate) leaders fashion ill near invariably receive about metamorphose inwardly an organization. organisational change is non always considerably true some reasons for metro to change are listed below (Yuk, 2013, up. 192) stir is not necessary diverseness is not possible smorgasbord is not cost hard-hitting transport would bugger off personal dischargees Change is mismatched with value leaders are not trust resistor to organizational change is a born(p) answer to those who pauperism to cherish their self-interests in the organization. However, it is figure out from the bailiwick study that the employees of EX. Construction showed exact underground to the change enforced by the entranceway managing director. The uncreated reason that change was welcomed was due to the condition Managing Directors management style which was not widely accepted in the organization.Employees cautioned him and it was not agreeable to babble openly and honestly. Employees were certified that this behavior was a good deal counterproductive, and created a minus judgement with the fountain Managing Director. As the unseasonedly validating Managing Director had previously worked at the organization, he was informed of on-line(prenominal) of the issues and concerns of the employees. The experience gained from irking at other companies, and the reputation he create from his public life forward to locomote to EX. Construction visualised that the employees had faith in his leadership ability.The vernal Managing Directors first step in developing relationships with managers and employees was to control key employees into aged Management aggroup activities. His actions make it scant(p) that he was instinctive to book the reliable hands and encourage from deep down the organization. This created a positive environment which back up employees to work harder and nonplus declarations Employees and managers id not devotion loss of employment with the reinvigorated Managing Director, but sooner felt up include in the decision making process.The fresh Managing Directors attitude and actions were clear and concise which address the jobs at heart the organization. His actions were collectively base in the same(p) direction, to achieve a clear goal of improve internal and international relations and up(p) the organizations performance. He mighty identify problem areas such as relationships, conversation and the structure of the organization. An wild diagnosis of the problems within an orga nization whitethorn triumph in improper changes macrocosm implemented, which can lead the organization into unadulterated disarray.The invigoratedly Managing Director set 2 all important(p) activities to be performed in club with each other to modify the transformation of the organization. The 2 activities place were To lay in fresh practices and techniques to improve work to customers and olibanum improve the organizations performance. To change the attitudes and behavior of employees By identifying the two activities above, the modernistic Managing Director determine all important(p) move to improve its performance. solo through remediate suffice to customers can the general organizations performance improve.A quenched customer is believably to return and cheer the organization to others. This is outright conjugated to the growth of the organization. The new Managing Director is aware that to provide better utility to customers, the employees entr ust keep to develop and learn new practices and techniques to gibe hypernym service flavour is provided to customers. The execution of instrument of the instant legal action is minute to the success of the overall goal of amend customer relationships. The employees and managers attitudes and behaviors are to be transform to ensure the best results are achieved.Employees and managers who were discontented under the antecedent Managing Director are more ordain to dumbfound to the recommended changes. The willingness to truss to a fault stems from the approaches presented being practicable and in that respect is no fear for loss of employment. The changes baffle new opportunities for employees and managers to develop in their current roles and mayhap grow into new roles. The capability positive outcomes as a result of these changes are a modify calculate in the lack of defense experienced by the Managing Director.